
&~* SIM-*


     .     ,  ,         .   -    .      ,  ,        ,  ,    .         .    ,          .      100    .       ,        ?         .                  .  

    SIM-.        .      ,  SIM- --    .     ,   ,       .   , SIM-         .        ,    .        . 


 SIM-? 

           ? ,       2 ,     .       ,     .   ,  ,       . ,  ,    SIM-,        . 

       .  ,           .  ,       .         ,     .            .    Electronic Serial Number (ESN)     .  ,       .  ,                  (      VIN-).    ,      ,           . 

,        Electronic Serial Number (ESN).    .             .  ,     ,         ,   .      Electronic Serial Number (ESN)   . ,        .  ,     ,     .   ,                    .  ,      ,     .  ,   Electronic Serial Number (ESN)    .        .   .   ,         Electronic Serial Number (ESN)   ,             .  

,      .        .     .    ,    . , GSM              15-   IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identifier).   ,         .       ,     MAC-  . ,      IMEI .       .     SIM-.        (      112,     SIM ).  

      : 

    ;  
         ;  
    ;  
      
                . 



  SIM- 

                     	    SIM- 

 SIM-   
 	    SIM-  



1991  1993 	               8 , 5,5 	      ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   PLMN (- ), SMS ( ),   ,     ,        - FPLMN.  

1994-1997 	              8 ; 5,5  3,3               - PIN2 (  ),   , SMS (  ),  SMS,   ,   ,  ,    (, ,  ),    ,   ( 20 ),   , , ,  ,     10 ,  . 


1997          16 , 64 , 3,3 ;  
1,8 	 
   .   50 .   (   ) - SIM Application Toolkit, Enhanced Full Rate,    GSM  DECT.  Java. 

      SIM     .       .     ?  ,      SIM-.       ,       1  SIM-.    .   ?  SIM-      -  .     ,     .       -.      .     , SIM-.  ,    --    ,  ,           .     ,     SIM- ,         .  
   --   .   .       .   GSM 5  ,         (     SIM-   )?  ,      ,   ,    SIM-,  .  


SIM-    

,   ,  SIM- -    ,    ,     .     ISO 7816     T=0  ISO A0h.      8- .     : ROM, RAM  EEPROM.     ,   64          (SIM-  SIM Service).  EEPROM    (  ).                  . 
  ,        .   .     . ,   SIM-    ,        .   ,    ,     SIM-     . 

     SIM-.   MF (Master File)     DF (Dedicated Files)   EF (Elementary File). ,   ,       .    (EF)        : ,   .      .      IMSI ,   ,     .     (header)   (body).          .    .  

          ,     ,        (offset)   (length).  

          (records)           .      255   255 ,   .  

           .         ,       &#92;&quot;&#92;&quot;.  

 SIM-  ,       .   18-. ,  . 

,    SIM-,   .   ,   .   .     .     ? SIM-        


     SIM- 

 SIM-    ,      .        .      ,     ,   .       .            .  , , ,          .  
 SIM-    .     Personal Identification Number   PIN-.     .   ()  SIM-     .    (   )      .         Personal Unblocking Key   PUK- (  ). PIN  PUK      8 .      PIN-    4 . PUK  8 .      SIM-.     .         PIN-      .  

   PIN2  PUK2 .      SIM-. ,         .              . 

         SIM-     .     .        SIM-.       .   SIM- ,      . 
       PIN-.      .      PUK  SIM-   .           SIM-.          .    SIM-     .  

     ,       SIM-.    ,     .    SIM-    (    ,               )       .    ,     .  SIM-,   ,    .    .         ( ),    SIM-     .     ,            ,          .  


   SIM- 

   SIM-?      .       SIM- (      (International Mobile Subscriber Identity - IMSI),     (Ki)     (A3))   . ,      ,       .       ?     ,     .    (   )       . ,      .       .      (       )   SIM-. ,        .       GSM      .  
   SIM-?          .      .     .      ,  ,  .        SIM-.               .         .    SIM-   .            . 


  

: SIM-   .       ,  ,         .          SIM-  GSM . ,         ,     .     ,  ,     .         ,   GSM    .&~