 

   15  1858   ,    .  1879           ,    1882 .       .   1885          ,    . 

                  .   1896      .         . 

   ,            (1895 )   (1897 ). 



 1902  ,   ,   .       .   1913           . 

              (1912 ),              ,      .

             .   ,   ,   .

   15  1917   ,     . 