        

           .  1963     ,       .      NLS (oNLine System)            , -          1980- . NLS     .         ,     (   ), -,     .        ,    1960-  - .   9  1968        NLS      -,       .          .  1970-       ARPA    ,  NLS       .  ,    ,    ARPANET.  1980-      ,        .                 ,   1986      ,        Bootstrap Institute.      ,     ,      . ...     9  1989      $10 ,             .  1997          :     (500  )      ,       . 